Functions of type III interferons Free Essay Example, 1500 words

In addition to these functions, there is the possibility for an anti-inflammatory role for interferons, as their anti-inflammatory properties in several anti-inflammatory disease models in animals have been convincingly demonstrated. While there is growing clarity in the beneficial aspects of the types of interferons, less is known about the molecular mechanisms of this beneficial behaviour of the interferons. (2). Type III Interferons The Type III interferons have been recently found and consist of three interferon lambda molecules termed as IFN-lambda1, IFN lambda2 and IFN lambda3 and are also known as IL29, IL28 and IL28B respectively. The lambda interferons have demonstrated capabilities for antiviral activities against both the hepatitis virus varieties of hepatitis B Virus and hepatitis C virus. The antiviral activity of the lambda interferons are less vigorous than the antiviral activity of the Type I interferons. This may be because the interferon lambda uses receptors that are not so wide spread in the body of living beings. However, this may prove beneficial, as it is presumed that this less vigorous antiviral activity may bestow on the lambda interferons the benefit of producing fewer side effects in the human body. We will write a custom essay sample on Functions of type III interferons or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now (5). The Functions of Type III Interferons Investigations to increase the body of knowledge on of the manner in which Interferons demonstrate their immunomodulatory effects have led to finding that the interferons use signalling pathways to control such responses in normal and malignant cells. The finding of the IFN-regulated JAK-STAT pathway and the several ancillary cascades has made possible the development of models that understand this mode of action. The early signalling which happens through these pathways at the IFN receptor level cause transcription of IFN-genes that are capable of generating antiviral and anti-tumour responses. This mechanism of action suggests that the type III interferons have antiviral and immunomodulatory effects functions. (6) Antiviral Functions of Type III Interferons The Type I antiviral action is well established both in vitro and in vivo. When infected with a virus cells release Type I interferons early, which are critical to the development of protection from the virus and the subsequent development of the adaptive immune responses to the virus. On binding to its receptor the type I interferons trigger the Janus kinase signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) signalling pathway.