Functions of type III interferons Free Essay Example, 1500 words

In addition to these functions, there is the possibility for an anti-inflammatory role for interferons, as their anti-inflammatory properties in several anti-inflammatory disease models in animals have been convincingly demonstrated. While there is growing clarity in the beneficial aspects of the types of interferons, less is known about the molecular mechanisms of this beneficial behaviour of the interferons. (2). Type III Interferons The Type III interferons have been recently found and consist of three interferon lambda molecules termed as IFN-lambda1, IFN lambda2 and IFN lambda3 and are also known as IL29, IL28 and IL28B respectively. The lambda interferons have demonstrated capabilities for antiviral activities against both the hepatitis virus varieties of hepatitis B Virus and hepatitis C virus. The antiviral activity of the lambda interferons are less vigorous than the antiviral activity of the Type I interferons. This may be because the interferon lambda uses receptors that are not so wide spread in the body of living beings. However, this may prove beneficial, as it is presumed that this less vigorous antiviral activity may bestow on the lambda interferons the benefit of producing fewer side effects in the human body. We will write a custom essay sample on Functions of type III interferons or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now (5). The Functions of Type III Interferons Investigations to increase the body of knowledge on of the manner in which Interferons demonstrate their immunomodulatory effects have led to finding that the interferons use signalling pathways to control such responses in normal and malignant cells. The finding of the IFN-regulated JAK-STAT pathway and the several ancillary cascades has made possible the development of models that understand this mode of action. The early signalling which happens through these pathways at the IFN receptor level cause transcription of IFN-genes that are capable of generating antiviral and anti-tumour responses. This mechanism of action suggests that the type III interferons have antiviral and immunomodulatory effects functions. (6) Antiviral Functions of Type III Interferons The Type I antiviral action is well established both in vitro and in vivo. When infected with a virus cells release Type I interferons early, which are critical to the development of protection from the virus and the subsequent development of the adaptive immune responses to the virus. On binding to its receptor the type I interferons trigger the Janus kinase signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) signalling pathway.

Link Between Autism And Vaccinations - 1357 Words

No Link Found between Autism and Vaccinations The purpose of report is to explore the possible link between the development of Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and vaccinations containing thimerosal. Around the world, there is a debate over the administration of the mumps, measles, and rubella (MMR) vaccination due to the use of the preserver, Thimerasol. Thimerasol’s use is controversial to the fact that the compound contains the toxic chemical element, mercury (Hg). In 1999, the Center for Disease Control and the American Academy of Pediatrics pushed the FDA for the removal of mercury from vaccinations administered to children under the age of six. Although this measure was only of a cautionary nature, it led to many parents†¦show more content†¦They state that their subsequent spread into the general population poses concerns for public safety. They go on to state that they compiled studies that examined the relationship between the MMR vaccination and the post-administration development of Autism or the spectrum disorders. The information that they extracted consists of the study characteristics, methods, and outcomes. They finally state that they found no relationship, of any kind. The first section in the methods section describes the protocol to be followed. In order to find appropriate studies for the meta-analysis, Taylor and Swerdfeger, examined articles from Medline, Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar using the guidelines outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Analysis (PRISMA) and independently assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Eslick then reviewed the articles. Following this, Taylor manually extracted the study design, the country of completion, sample sizes, interventions, outcome measures, and measures of effect from the articles. All literature had to be published and there was no language restriction on the studies, The second section details the eligibility requirements for the analysis. The first criterion of which was that the publications included cohort and case-control studies that looked at the prospective interconnection between administration of either the MMR

Personhood Chart Humanism As Materialism

Question: Describe about the Personhood Chart for Humanism as Materialism. Answer: Personhood Chart This chart contains a grid for different philosophical anthropologies that answer the question of personhood. Complete the following chart in the context of defining what it means to be human according to Christianity, Materialism, and your own Personal View. Refer to the assigned reading for explanation of characteristics listed on the left. Christianity Materialism Personal View Relational Humans are more related to God and must see themselves in the light of humanity rather than in relation to animals. Matter made of atoms,. It is far from the concept of ethics. Feelings too made up of thin atomic layer (Thebible.net, 2016) A human must have positive relation towards all that surrounds it, especially with the almighty Multidimensional The trait of being having attitudes towards god, spirits and mankind. Having such different dimensions (Ministry Magazine, 2016) A human is he who gives materialistic response through neuron excitement to multidimensional stimulus A human is one who host of talents, involving in multidimensional activities, lives life fully Sexual It is gods gift and the possessed sexuality of humans is completed when places opposite to the other sex Humans treat opposite sexes positively to get private entertainment. They believe in more of give and take philosophy (Thebible.net, 2016) The sexual approach which constitutes a human must be of the aesthetic and spiritual nature, then only it leads to completion of human spirits Moral It is human to be moral. The inclination of good morals, good thought, acts and behavior is what makes a human (Ministry Magazine, 2016) Materialism points that humans act for material gains and have no free will. Moral responsibility is the highest. Thus, a human being is an entity with intact character; strong ideals; good Karma or Actions Mortal Human means mortal; a breathe contained in a mortal body which gives it life energy The atoms decompose the body goes vain. The human is mortal; its acts and thought immortal Destined for Eternal Life God -like quality of life, experienced for eternity (Ministry Magazine, 2016) Low existence of eternal lives due to humans attempts to live lives in maximum pleasure Eternal life is the real life that remains. Thus a human is he who takes this as his lifes aim. References: Thebible.net,. (2016). Humanism as Materialism. Retrieved 29 March 2016, from https://www.thebible.net/biblicaltheism/materialface.htm Ministry Magazine,. (2016). The Christian view of human life - Ministry Magazine. Retrieved 29 March 2016, from https://www.ministrymagazine.org/archive/1991/08/the-christian-view-of-human-life

William Shakespeare Analysis Essay Example For Students

William Shakespeare Analysis Essay William Shakespeare was born in 1564. Elizabeth I was the queen at this time. He was born in Stratford-Upon-Avon. He went to the local grammar school, but did not go to university. When he was 20, he moved to London and became a playwright and an actor. In about 1603, he retired from acting and being a playwright and returned to Stratford. He was very rich by this time and bought the biggest house in the town. He finally died in 1616. Romeo and Juliet is a play where two families (The Montagues and the Capulets) dont like each other. Romeo meets Juliet and they fall in love. They marry in secrecy, Romeo kills someone and is banished from the city. At this news, Juliet takes a sleeping potion that gives the belief that she is dead. Romeo gets a message saying Juliet is dead, so Romeo has to go and see her. Because of the thought of life without Juliet, Romeo also takes a potion, but his is a potion that will kill him. When Juliet comes round and sees Romeo dead, she kills herself. We will write a custom essay on William Shakespeare Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now At the time Romeo and Juliet was written, Shakespeare had mostly written mostly comedies and had only written one tragedy. This probably means that the audience were probably expecting a comedy rather than a tragedy. I think that in those days, people went to plays because of the reputation of the writer. In modern times, people know what to expect like a comedy character in Mercutio and a villain in Tybalt, and they know that people are going to die. People go to the plays because of the reputation of the Author and the culture. I think that conflict is a central part of the play because it is a tragedy. The reason I think this is because there would need to be some conflict because people are going to die. Also, the conflict helps emphases the hatred between the two families. When Romeo kills Paris at the end, it emphasises his love for Juliet. The first area of conflict comes right at the start of the play. This is when Samson and Gregory, two servants from each family, have an argument about who has the better manhood. After this, Gregory bites his thumb at Samson; this causes the pair to fight. The next area of conflict comes in act 3 scene 1. This involves Tybalt, Romeo, Mercutio and Benvolio. Tybalt comes into the scene looking for Romeo, but instead, Tybalt and Mercutio. This involves a lot of insults such as Mercutio reacting to Tybalt entering By my heel, I care not. , Or Tybalt saying to Romeo: Thou art a villain, and when Mercutio interrupts Romeo and Tybalts argument by saying O calm, dishonourable fool, vile submission!. These insults show the hatred between Mercutio and Tybalt and Tybalt and Romeo, but not Romeo and Tybalt. They are about to have a fight when Romeo enters the scene. This diverts Tybalts attention on to Romeo and away from Mercutio. Tybalt wants to fight Romeo, but Romeo doesnt want to fight Tybalt because he is secretly his cousin. Because of this, Mercutio stands up for Romeo and fights Tybalt. Romeo breaks up the fight because he cant face his best mate and cousin fighting each other. When Mercutio turns to walk away, Tybalt stabs him in his bac k. Mercutio still tries to insult Tybalt saying: Tis but a scratch! . This shows that he wants to try and get the last word in between them before he dies. The next area of conflict follows on from the Tybalt and Mercutio fight. Romeo, full of emotion at the loss of his best mate, now doesnt care that Tybalt is his cousin, and just wants revenge in Mercutios honour. The fight escalates from an argument between Romeo and Tybalt into a full on fight with weapons. At the end of the fight, Romeo stabs Tybalt and Tybalt dies. .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 , .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .postImageUrl , .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 , .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:hover , .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:visited , .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:active { border:0!important; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:active , .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385 .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf17bca73f8d8611778774081dc334385:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Crucible Story EssayThe next area of significant conflict comes in act 3 scene 5. This involves Capulet, Lady Capulet, Juliet and the nurse. The argument arises because Juliet reveals that she doesnt want to marry Paris because she doesnt love him. This news makes Capulet tremendously angry because he feels that Paris is the perfect man for Juliet. He even goes as for as to say: Young baggage, disobedient wretchGet thee to a churchSpeak not, reply not, do not answer me! My fingers itchout on her!. This shows that he has really strong feelings about Juliet marring Paris. At the end of the argument, Juliet turns to the nurse in the hope of getting some backing, to Juliet s horror; she basically says that she doesnt have a choice and that she should marry Paris. The last area of significant conflict is when Romeo goes to Juliets tomb. This causes conflict because Paris is already there. Paris is full of emotion because of the apparent death of Juliet as so is Romeo because he hasnt seen her because he was banned from Verona for killing Tybalt. Paris challenges Romeo to fight and Romeo accepts. They fight and Romeo kills Paris. After this, he goes into the tomb to see Juliet, whom he thinks is dead. He is so upset that he takes a poises potion and kills himself. When Juliet comes round, she sees Romeo lying dead next to her and kills herself. The first conflict arises between Gregory and Sampson, because Sampson says things like Let us take the law of our sides. Then later, he bites his thumb at Gregory, which in Shakespeares day was very offensive. After that, Sampson says: I serve as good a man as you. But Abram doesnt accept this and replies: No better? this makes Sampson very worried and he doesnt know what to reply with and asks Gregory who says: Say better. Sampson takes this advice and says: Yes better. Abram doesnt believe him and says: You lie! At this, they start fighting. This area of conflict shows that the servants are proud of their masters, and that at the low level of the servants, the hatred is still rife. This area of conflict is an essential part of the play because it introduces the hatred between the two families and it is a dramatic start, which grabs the audiences attention straight away. The conflict in act 3 scene 1 between Mercutio and Tybalt really starts to rise when Romeo enters. When Romeo dos enter, Mercutio and Tybalt are squaring up to each other, but as Romeo enters, Tybalt says: Peace be with you, here comes my man. This shows that Tybalt is an all round bad character and he will cause conflict between anyone. After an argument, Mercutio says: O calm dishonourable vile submission, put up your sword and fight! Tybalt agrees to this and draws his sword. While they are fighting, Romeo breaks them up and tells them to stop fighting because he cant take his best mate and cousin fighting. Mercutio drops his sword, but as he is walking away, Tybalt stabs him in the back. This turns the audience against Tybalt as it shows that he is the villain and the audience dont like them. This is a major piece of conflict because it makes Romeo very angry and it leads to the next conflict. The next area of significant conflict between Romeo and Tybalt is already at boiling point because of Tybalt murdering Mercutio. In the short conversation between romeo and Tybalt before romeo kills Tybalt, romeo calls Tybalt a Villain and Tybalt calls Romeo a Retched boy at which Romeo would have been very affected by that, and would have made him even more angry and made romeo even more prepared to murder Tybalt. This has a big impact because it results in Romeo being banned from Verona. This puts the audience in several different minds; First of all, they are upset that Romeo has been banished from Verona, whereas on the second hand, he could have been killed for murdering someone else. But at least Tybalt is out of the play. .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 , .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .postImageUrl , .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 , .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:hover , .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:visited , .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:active { border:0!important; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:active , .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85 .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud8a724a24416ec78b14e032e24f68e85:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Carole Satymurtis EssayIn the big argument between Capulet and Juliet, it escalates from difference of opinion, Juliet revealing that she doesnt want to marry Paris by saying Not proud you have, but thankful you have: Proud can never be of what I hate, but thankful even for hate that is meant love. This infuriates Capulet and he threatens Juliet that if she doesnt marry Paris, then he will throw her out onto the street by saying Graze where you will, you shall not house with meAnd you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets. This shows just how serious he is and how much he thinks he has found the perfect man for Juliet and he feels teat she is just throwing his eff orts back in his face and for that, he is throwing her out of the house. Even though this conflict is not a violent one, it is just as powerful as a violent one, because it has a deep effect on the audiences emotions. The last area of conflict is when Romeo goes to see Juliet at her tomb and Paris is there. Juliet is lying there because she took a sleeping potion, which would give the belief that she is dead. She took this potion to get out of marrying Paris. The conflict between Romeo and Paris escalates when Romeo says : Good gentle youth, tempt not a desperate man, fly hence and leave me. But Paris doesnt agree with this and says: I do defy thy conjunction. I can imagine the audience being shocked at this, because it would be obvious that Romeo is angry and ready to fight and kill anyone that gets in the way. After this, Romeo and Paris fight, which results in Paris dieing. After this fight, Romeo goes through to see Juliet and sees her looking dead and drinks his own poison potion and dies. Then Juliet wakes up and sees Romeo dead beside her, so she kisses the lips of Romeo and takes the potion and she dies. This is a dramatic ending to the play, which is good, because it keeps it in the audie nces minds. In my mind, there are only two types of conflict, they are: violent conflict and mental conflict. The violent conflict occurs in all but one of the major, effective areas conflict. The mental conflict is the argument between Juliet and Capulet and I think this is one of the more effective conflicts because it is a mental one and it sticks in the mind. Violent conflict is more vital for dramatic effect because it can emphases hatred and brings death, whereas, mental is good for emotional effect because it lasts longer in the audiences mind. Overall, I think that the conflict in the play is good, because it keeps the audience on the edge of their seats and hooked on the play.